The interstellar medium (ISM) is turbulent, and the energy sources driving this turbulence, particularly in HI gas, remain uncertain. Recently, stellar feedback, especially from supernovae (SNe), has been proposed as a potential mechanism for energy injection into the ISM. However, the specific processes involved are still unclear and require observational evidence. Using deep HI datacubes from FAST and VLA, we identified 52 HI bubbles in M31. The large kinetic energy of these bubbles suggests they are likely driven by supernovae. The surface density of their kinetic energy is comparable to that of ISM turbulence in nearby galaxies and in M31 itself. Additionally, the timescales for bubble expansion align with those for ISM turbulence dissipation. These findings support the hypothesis that SNe-driven bubbles are a direct energy source for ISM turbulence, confirming that supernovae sustain ISM turbulence.
BIO
I got my PhD at the University of Cologne and subsequently worked as a postdoc at UCAS/NAOC. I am currently enrolling for a postdoc at DoA, THU, where I will collaborate with Prof. Di Li. My primary research interests include the interstellar medium (in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies), massive star formation, and stellar feedback.
