The precision measurements from current observational cosmology have established the Lambda-Cold-Dark-Matter (LCDM) model as the standard cosmological model. However, the LCDM model as a pure phenomenological model with six base parameters still calls for a theoretical understanding of underlying mechanisms for the early and late accelerations as well as the nature of dark matter. In this talk,...
Understanding the physics of the interstellar medium is critical for understanding star formation and AGN feedback. Line ratio diagnostics diagrams, such as BPT diagrams, have been extensively used to study the ISM. However, their limitations hide inaccuracies of photoionization models, leading to a number of discrepant results in the literature on metallicity, abundance pattern, and correlatio...