Various 21 cm signals from neutral hydrogen have been proposed to probe the cosmic dawn, including the global 21 cm spectrum, the 21 cm tomography, and the 21 cm forest. They will provide valuable insights into the early structure formation during the cosmic dawn, and have been identified as the key scientific goals for a number of ground-based and space-borne radio experiments, including the i...
Jupiter-like planets are the key to understanding Earth-like planets. Their presence can disrupt the orbits of inner habitable worlds, or deliver life-sustaining water. While the search for Earth-like planets orbiting nearby stars garners the most attention, it is critically important to understand the presence and properties of giant planets in those systems. In the next decade, three space mi...
Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) spend most of their lifetime accreting at a rate well below the Eddington limit, manifesting themselves as low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs). The prevalence of a hot wind from LLAGNs is a generic prediction by theories and numerical simulations of black hole accretion and has recently become a crucial ingredient of AGN kinetic feedback in cosmologic...
Microquasars are the compact objects generally including accreting black holes which produce relativitic jets. The physical mechanisms of jet launching, collimation, and acceleration are poorly understood. Microquasars show strong variability in multi-wavelength observations. In X-rays, the sources show the fast variation features up to millisecond time scales, with the prominant quasiperiodic ...
The recent breakthrough in the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) from merging black hole (BH) and neutron star (NS) binaries by advanced LIGO/Virgo has generated renewed interest in understanding the formation mechanisms of merging compact binaries, from the evolution of massive stellar binaries and triples in the galactic fields, dynamical interactions in dense star clusters to binary mer...